Archive for the ‘animal behavior’ category

Mowing Turtles Down…

December 29, 2012

box turtle– – While engaged in a conservation project to determine how to help turtles cross the road safely, a Clemson University student inadvertently discovered a disturbing fact:  some drivers deliberately swerve on the road, not to miss turtles, but to intentionally hit them. 

The student put a realistic rubber turtle in the middle of a lane on a busy road near his campus, and then watched over the next hour as seven drivers swerved and deliberately ran over the rubber animal; several other drivers apparently tried to hit it, but missed.  When the student sought to replicate his study using a different location road in a more residential area, the second of 50 cars to pass by that day swerved over the center line to intentionally hit the plastic reptile.

The number of box turtles is in slow decline, and a major reason is that many wind up as roadkill while attempting to cross the road for food or breeding purposes.  Turtle underpasses are seen as one possible solution to the problem… 

 

 

Sad-Looking, Cute, and Threatened…

December 17, 2012

cute slow loris– – Have you ever seen anything look this sad and cute at the same time?–Don’t you just want to take it home with you?–Well, you may not want to, because it’s a venomous primate, a type of slow loris species called Nycticebus kayan newly discovered in Borneo.

Now the slow loris (which sounds like a Dr. Sseus character) is a nocturnal primate found across Southeast Asia that is closely related to a lemur and is characterized by unique fur coloration on its face and body.  The creatures are poorly understood due to their lifestyle of nighttime activity and slow movements.

To access its poison, a slow loris rubs its hands under glands near its armpits, then applies the poison to its teeth.  The resulting bite can put a person or predator into potentially fatal anaphylactic shock.  Despite its toxic defense, the species is threatened due to deforestation and poaching.  Sadly, the cuteness of the species may lead to its undoing, making it a prime candidate on the illegal pet-trade market in Asia.  Due to the toxicity of its bite, captive animals often have their canine and incisor teeth pulled out, which puts them at risk since they then can’t chew properly, ultimately resulting in death…

Suicidal Squid!

December 13, 2012

squid– – Hundreds of Humboldt squid beached themselves this past weekend near Santa Cruz, California.  Attempts to save the squid by placing them back into the water were futile; the squid simply swam back onto the shore!

“Twenty washed up right in front of me,” said one onlooker.  “It was like they were committing suicide.”

Suicidal squid…wouldn’t that unplug your heating pad?!  While we may never know with certainty what drove the squid to this extreme act, some scientists speculate that squid may accidentally beach themselves when they migrate to a new area.  As the Humboldt squid is rarely seen in northern California, scientists believe that global warming may play a factor in driving the squid from their normal, equatorial habitat.  When squid feed at night, they surface from the depths to explore more shallow areas, possibly getting trapped while feeding, not knowing where to go, and washing up…

Killer Catfish and Adaptive Behavior…

December 9, 2012

catfish– – Too often, fish are regarded as dumber than a  sack of hammers.  This may not be true of all of our finned friends, however.  In France, researchers at the University of Toulouse have observed catfish hunting pigeons as prey in a development scientists are calling evidence of adaptive behavior. 

European catfish originated east of the Rhine River, but were introduced to the Tarn River in 1983.  They adapted their natural behavior to feed on novel prey in the area, grabbing pigeons on the shore, and dragging them into the water; this behavior has not been known to occur in the native range of the species.  In France, pigeons gather along the river gravel to clean and bathe as the catfish patrol the water’s edge.  When the three to five-feet long catfish hunt the pigeons, they even temporarily strand themselves on land for a few seconds to grab their meal.  The hunting habits of the Tarn catfish are so similar to orcas that they have been called, “freshwater killer whales…”

Urban Disaster Survivors…

December 6, 2012

rat

– – It’s time to cue up the Willard movies!  While superstorm Sandy killed many rats in New York City, those which survived have been driven from flooded subway tunnels, emerging to find new sources of food that include rotting trash, pigeons, fish, and other rats.  Rats will burrow beneath buildings to  establish new homes, and can slide into holes as small as half an inch (the width of their skulls), even though their bodies can measure up to 18 inches long.  (“Ben, you’re always running here and there…”)

Weep not for the pigeons, either.  Originally cliff-dwelling birds, skyscrapers suit pigeons well.  When displaced, they tend to find a safe place to get out of the wind, and then fly to new food sources.

Rats and pigeons are successful around humans as they are well-adapted to what we do…Adapt and prevail,” as the Borg would say…

African Painted Dogs Zoo Exhibit Fatality

November 5, 2012

– – A tragedy occurred at the Pittsburgh Zoo and PPG Aquarium late Sunday morning when a young boy visiting the zoo with his mother and friends fell off an observation deck rail into the pit of an exhibit housing 11 African painted dogs.

The wild dogs did attack the two-year-old child, although it’s unclear as to whether the boy died of the attack or the 14-foot fall into the exhibit pit.  Although zoo staff responded immediately to the incident and were able to call seven of the dogs off into a back building with darts shot at the remaining dogs, the animals were in pack mentality and not responding.  An officer killed one especially aggressive dog with a gunshot as it refused to move away from the child. 

African wild dogs have been compared to medium-sized domestic dogs, weighing 37 to 80 pounds and standing 24 to 30 inches high.  In the wild they are hunters that eat antelope, zebras, wildebeest, gazelles, impala, and springboks.  They are also known as Cape hunting dogs, spotted dogs, and painted wolves, and are classified as endangered.

Zoo patrons were evacuated following the attack, and the zoo remains closed indefinitely pending further investigation of the incident. 

 

Elephant Articulations!

November 3, 2012

– – We had earlier posted on how a Beluga whale had learned to imitate human speech, and now we may add the Asian elephant to the list of species capable of mimicking speech…in Korean, yet! 

The elephant, named Koshik, had been the only elephant living at the Everland Zoo in South Korea for about five years with only humans for company during what had been an important period in the animal’s life for bonding and social development.  Cognitive biologists have speculated that Koshik started to adapt his vocalizations to his human companions to strengthen his social affiliations.  The process of speech imitation even involved the elephant sticking his trunk into his mouth to help form the sounds. 

Koshik has a vocabulary of five words in Korean, including the words for “hello,” “sit down,” “no,” “lie down,” and “good.”  Unfortunately there is no evidence that Koshik understands the meaning of the words that he is employing.  There have been reports of elephants imitating the sounds of truck engines, and additionally of an elephant at a zoo in Kazakhstan reported to say words in Russian and Kazakh…

 

Wild Boar Attacks!

October 31, 2012

– – Wild boars are attacking!–And please note that we are talking about the animal spelled “boar,” not “bore,” although lord knows we have an abundance of such creatures.   Anyways, while Americans have been battling with Hurricane Sandy, China and Germany have been hit with wild boar attacks.  In Berlin, Germany, a wild boar appeared out of the woods, and attacked four individuals before eventually being shot by a police officer.  Then in Shantou, China, a boar broke into an office, in the process breaking down a glass window, smashing a water pipe, and attempting to get at a cook.  The Chinese boar eventually escaped, and has yet to be found by investigators.

It has been speculated that the German boar had been hit by a car prior to the attack, due to the fact that it had suffered a left front leg fracture.   The notation was made that injured animals can get aggressive as a defense mechanism.  

…and by the way, good readers…Happy Halloween! 

 

 

“Noc” Speaks!

October 25, 2012

– – We all know that parrots and mynah birds can mimic human speech.  A memorable Far Side cartoon depicted a carload of cows driving past a field of wandering humans, one cow leaning out the window and mocking the “yackety-yack” speech of people.  Well, it seems that we can add another species to the short list of those now know to be capable of speech mimicry..the beluga whale!

Whales are no slouches in the intelligence department, but a study recently published in Current Biology under the title “Spontaneous speech mimicry by a cetacean” really blew me away.  The whale of the study, named Noc, lived at San Diego’s National Marine Mammal Foundation for 30 years before dying in 2007.  It seems that handlers first heard mumbling in 1984 coming from a tank containing whales and dolphins that sounded like two people chatting far away.  One day after a diver surfaced from the tank and asked,  “Who told me to get out?” researchers realized that the garbled sounds came from a captive male Beluga whale.  For several years, they then recorded its spontaneous sounds while it was underwater and upon surfacing. 

An acoustic analysis revealed that the human-like sounds were several octaves lower than typical whale calls, and scientists think that the whale’s close proximity to people enabled it to listen to and mimic human speech by changing the pressure in its nasal cavities.  Now the whale appears to be saying the word “out” over and over, and some have said that it sounds like people singing in the shower or the Muppets’ Swedish Chef. 

Beluga whales, also known as white whales, are sometimes called “the canaries of the sea” because of how vocal they are.  Anecdotal reports have surfaced in the past of whales sounding like humans.  At Vancouver Aquarium, keepers had suggested that a white whale about 15 years of age had uttered his name, “Lagosi.”  While people should not think from these results that whales can communicate with us on a conversational level, it’s an intriguing possibility for future research…

Cybernetic Roaches…

September 12, 2012

– – I, for one, would be freaked to find a remotely-controlled Madagascar hissing cockroach at large in my domicile.  One would wonder what kind of sinister intelligence would be behind it, and such a creation would represent an unnatural perversion of the already repugnant.

Scientists at the North Carolina State University have already created such a fun toy, however, by taking a lightweight chip with a wireless receiver and transmitter, and attaching it to a cockroach like a tiny backpack.  Madagascar hissing cockroaches are the roach of choice as they are large, heavy-duty, and already carry a significant gross-out factor.  With a microcontroller connected to the roach’s antennae and cerci (rear sensory organs), small electrical charges from the wires to the cerci trick the roach into moving in response to a perceived threat.  Charges sent to the antennae make the roach think that it’s bumped into something.  By utilizing both inputs, it’s possible to basically steer the cockroach.

Now what, you might ask, would you use a biobot roach for?  Well, they could be sent into tight spaces to search for survivors after disasters…but would you want to be found by such a rescue party?- -aieee!   Just when you thought things couldn’t get any worse, right?  Perhaps they might additionally tie small casks of brandy around the roach’s head…

Steerable roaches…that’s something new!  I think I want one for Xmas, too!